This 3 page paper discusses the inseparability of language and culture, concentrating on American slang. Bibliography lists 2 sources.

This is an 8 page paper discussing the Jamaican Creole language. The Jamaican Creole language, also known as Western Caribbean English, has been a unique language since the beginning of the 19th century although is it still only officially linguistically classified along with Creole and Pidgin languages as “language isolate, unclassified” with the International Linguistics Center in Dallas, Texas. Because of its unique elements which differentiate it from Standard English in the areas of linguistic phonology, morphology, semantics and pragmatics, linguists believe that it should not be considered a “dialect” but should be reclassified as a “nation-language”. Not only spoken in Jamaica, Jamaican Creole is also spoken in Columbia, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama. Jamaican is also influencing cultures and societies around the globe as large communities of West Indians who reside in countries such as Canada and the United States not only bring their language to the culture but also elements of their music, mannerism and lifestyle which are being adopted by neighboring communities. The Jamaican language is considered an excellent example of the many languages which are participating in the “Latinization” of the English language and are important in the linguistic study of the evolution of language. Includes an outline. Bibliography lists 4 sources.

This 5 page paper discusses the characteristics, knowledge, and skill needed to be an effective ESL teacher. An outline of the skills, knowledge and even personal traits offered by researchers and practitioners is included along with explanations. For example, teachers in this field need to understand the interrelationship between culture and language acquisition and they need to have an excellent command of the English language. Bibliography lists 3 sources.

A 14 page paper. The essay begins by defining national culture and corporate culture and how national culture influences business culture. The writer then explains the different factors that influence the national culture, such as language, class stratification, emphasis on group or individual. Hofstede's four dimensions of culture are described and used as the benchmark for determining the national culture in the U.K. and the U.S. The writer uses two companies to illustrate the relationships between and among national culture, organizational culture and management styles. The companies used are Dyson Appliance from the UK and Apple Computer from the US. Bibliography lists 15 sources.

A 14 page paper evaluating whether Leininger's or Roy's nursing theory is best suited to the endoscopy and day surgery clinical setting. This is not an area in which nurses have opportunity to develop long-term relationships with patients, which is the focus of both these theories. In that context, communication is seen as the most critical point of either theory in the specific clinical setting. In those areas in which cultural sensitivity can be attained with the knowledge and language of only one or two other cultures, the hospital seeking to implement Leininger's model should undertake to fully operate within the contexts of those cultures. In those areas of far greater diversity (i.e., urban areas), a better choice would be for the hospital to provide interpreters for those patients from a culture of which the nurse has little knowledge. "Interpreting" refers primarily to language, but also addresses cultural mores and attitudes. The point is to meet the patient where s/he lives. Bibliography lists 12 sources.